Gates and Zuckerberg innovated something, and whether you want to admit it or not are exceptions to the rule, statistical outliers.
Sorry, but attending a university on an athletic scholarship comes with minimum standards that must be met of both and athletic AND academic variety. Even the average scholarship student has to meet minimum standards in all classes to maintain both their scholarship AND earn their degree. Also, while many people enter fields based solely on future earnings potential, just as many choose their passion when deciding their career endeavor.
Simply put, there are only a few dozen guaranteed contract opportunities annually for these kids in the NBA. Even for the most touted of high school athletes, there are so many potential applicants for so few available jobs...and as such to put all the emphasis on an athletic profession while disregarding the benefits of the actual education being offered via scholarship does a great disservice. I mean, really it's gambling on an uncertain future with the odds stacked firmly against you in many instances. For every Lebron, Kobe and Garnett there are dozens of guys who are drafted in the first round and fail. As for your surgeon comparison I would wager if you compared the past 40 years of NBA draftees and those who became surgeons the past 40 years on money earned, their quality of life and their current financial portfolios you would have an awful lot of happy surgeons and jealous NBA washouts.
So, while you could make the argument that the PRIMARY focus of scholarship athletes should be athletics and the potential financial rewards, I believe that there should be just as much emphasis on taking full advantage of the educational opportunity while it's being offered.