My last assignment was to a DoD institute which provided training, education and consultation to government civilians, military, international military and civilians, and some to industry. The last two had to pay all costs. It was 90 percent. When I became a Deputy to the boss (a civilian) I became extensively involved with all civilian matters like hiring, appraisals, firing, etc. Also, I had civilians and military that worked for me. Lots of what people think about government workers is wrong. When a person enters government service, they earn 4 hours of leave per pay period (two weeks) which means they need to work 20 weeks to have enough for 5 days off. Many have to take unpaid time off initially to settle in at home so they’re not living large on paid leave. It takes several years to start earning 6 hours per pay period and 15 to get to 8. Earning it is a right using it isn’t. Usually they’d get it approved but when it made sense.
As far as firing poor performers, it’s a myth that it can’t be done or that it’s too hard. First thing is their first year is probationary. If they’re not cutting it satisfactorily they can simply be sent home at the end of the first year. There’s a bit of documentation required from the supervisor, but it’s not onerous at all. We hired good people so we only had to do this twice during my time. You can fire an employee essentially immediately for misconduct and it generally takes 90 days to six months for poor performance, because there is a requirement to document and communicate poor performance to the employee and work a plan with them to improve within 90 days, which can be extended if supervisor likes progress and sees hope for the employee to turn it around completely, but employee will be fired if he doesn’t meet the goals. Of course, the employee can quit if he sees the writing on the wall. We did this once while I was there and the person resigned rather than be fired. The myth about not being able to fire employees comes from those supervisors unwilling to do their part (if they worked for me, I’d likely start the process for them!) and there are more steps for those in unions. None of ours were union.
Benefits aren’t terrible for them in that insurance is probably cheaper than in most private sector jobs. There aren’t other benefits of significance I can think of rather than the ability to invest in TSP.
Speaking of TSP, their retirement consists of a pension, which is really minimal. It’s nothing like military retirement, TSP and Social Security. TSP is the key part. Government does a small automatic contribution, which I think is 1 percent of pay, but also matches first 5 percent the employee invests (only fools don’t do that much), but employee can invest more which I regularly recommended doing. TSP is the greatest benefit they have IMO and I’ve recommended many times that it be extended to all Americans and we phase out SS with the exception of some relatively small safety net for the few that don’t make much money and/or don’t take advantage of TSP.
As for rather people are working in government for the pay or not, it’s a mixed bag, but generally not. On the academic side the majority of the faculty were retired military, generally O5 and O6 who nearly all could double their pay in the private sector. They do the job because they “want to give back” by training others to do what they did. Some do that for a few years and retire, some move to private sector, some move into leadership, etc., but they certainly aren’t doing the job for the pay or benefits. We had great support staff too (they all worked directly or indirectly for me), they generally start out junior and move up. Like any employee, they can be let go.
Just some thoughts and info from my experiences. My last assignment wasn’t my only experience with federal workers. We had some at all my shore assignments between ships.