During the 1790s, repeated Yellow Fever epidemics struck the nation’s largest city, Philadelphia. The outbreaks were so severe that the federal government temporarily relocated away from Philadelphia, the federal government’s provisional capital, to escape the devastating epidemic.
The 1793 Philadelphia Yellow Fever epidemic was one of the worst in American history. Ultimately, the disease would claim 5,000 lives between August and November of 1793, forcing 20,000 to flee the crowded city of 50,000.
In May of 1796, Congress adopted the first federal quarantine law in response to a series of deadly yellow fever epidemics. The law, entitled “An Act Relative to Quarantine”, 1 Stat. 474, was adopted by the Third Congress and signed by George Washington without much controversy. The remarkably simple law consisted of a single paragraph:
. . . That the President of the United States be, and he is hereby authorized, to direct the revenue-officers and the officers commanding forts and revenue-cutters, to aid in the execution of quarantine and also in also in the execution of the health-laws of the states, respectively, in such manner as may to him appear necessary.
Thus, the founding fathers were NOT morons...
https://www.statutesandstories.com/blog_html/an-act-relative-to-quarantine/